SGRRITH HMIS
LECTURE SLIDES BY
HMIS
PROJECT ON
NEED OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TOGETHER FORMING A SYSTEM
BY VIDUSHI BHANDARI
MANAGEMENT
DEFINATION
ACC TO KOOTZ : “MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IS THE ART OF GETTING THINGS DONE THROUGH & WITH PEOPLE IN FORMALLY ORGANIZED GROUPS”
MANAGEMENT IS A GROUP OF INDIVIDUAL THAT ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY TO RUN AN ORGANISATION WHICH THEY PLAN, ORGANISE, DIRECT & CONTROL ALL ESSENTIAL ACTIVITIES.
FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT
- CONTINIOUS & NEVER ENDING PROCESS
- ACT OF GETTING WORK DONE FROM OTHERS
- IS RESULT ORIENTED
- MULTIDISCIPLINARY IN NATURE
- GROUP & NOT INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
- FOLOWS ESTABLISHED PRINCIPLES OR RULES
- AIDED BUT NOT REPLACED BY COMPUTERS
- SITUATIONAL IN NATURE
NEED OF MANAGEMENT
- IT IS NEEDED IN ALL ORGANISATIONAL ACTIVITIES
- IT BRINGS PEOPLE TOGETHER TO ACCOMPLISH DESIRED GOALS & OBJECTIVES USING AVAILABLE RESOURCES EFFECIENTLY & EFFECTIVELY
- GOOD MANAGEMENT IS NEEDED TO CREATE MOTIVATION, CREATIVITY, DISCIPLINE, & ENTHUSIASM
- GOOD MANAGEMENT IS NEEDED TO KEEP THEIR ORGANISATION ON TRACK BY ENSURING THAT EVERYTHING THAT’S BEING DONE IS ETHICALLY GEARED TOWARDS WHAT CUSTOMERS WANT.
INFORMATION
IT IS A PROCESSED DATA IN A FORM WHICH THE RECIPIENT CAN EASILY PERCIEVED.
TYPES OF INFORMATION
DESCRIPTIVE
- DIAGNOSTIC
- PREDICTIVE
- PRESCRIPTIVE
FEATURES OF INFORMATION
- RELEVANT
- COMPLETE
- ACCURATE
- CURRENT
- ECONOMICAL
NEED OF INFORMATION
- WE NEED INFORMATION BECAUSE IT PROMOTES PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACHES & THINKING SKILLS- ASKING QUESTION & SEEKING ANSWERES.IT HELPS IN FINDING INFORMATION , FORCING OPINIONS, EVALUATING SOURCES & MAKING DECISSION, FOSTERING SUCESSFUL LEARNERS ,EFFECTIVE CONTRIBUTERS , CONFIDENT INDIVIDUALS.
- INFORMATION IS CONSIDERED TO BE AN IMPORTANT ASSET FOR ANY COMPANY IN THE MODERN COMPETITIVE WORLD.
THE CONSUMERS BUYING TRENDS & BEHAVIOURS CAN BE PREDICTED BY THE ANALYSIS OF SALES & REVENUE REPORTS FROM EACH OPERATING REGION OF THE COMPANY.
SYSTEM
A SET OF COMPONENTS THAT WORK TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE A COMMON GOAL.
IT IS A SET OF PRINCIPLES OR ROCEDURES ACCORDING TO WHICH IS DONE IN ORGANISED WAY.
SYSTEM CONCEPT
- THIS CONCEPT WAS USED IN 1960
- IT IS USED BY MANAGEMENT & IT PERSONNEL TO UNDERSTAND THE EXISTING PROCESSES WITHIN AN ORGANISATION
- TO DEVELOP AN IMPROVED PROCESS & TO DESIGN & DEVELOP MIS
- IT IS BASED ON SYNERGISM(2+2=5)
- IT PROMOTES SYSTEMS ANALYSIS & DESIGN
SYSTEMS APPROACH
- TO UNDERSTAND HOW SUBUNITS WITHIN THE ORGANISATION ARE INTERRELATED WITH EACH OTHER
- THEY USE THE SYSTEM CONCEPT TO DESIGN & DESCRIBE THE WORKING OF ORGANISATION INCLUDING ITS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM.
INFORMATION SYSTEM
Information system is an organised system for collection, organised , storage & communication of information.
In simple words it is a system in which data is collected , filter, processed, created & distributed. This processed data or information is used by organisation.
COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
- HARDWARE
- SOFTWARE
- DATABASE
- NETWORKS
- PEOPLE
THESE COMPONENTS INTEGRATE/ UNITE TO PERFORM INPUT, PROCESS,OUTPUT,FEEDBACK & CONTROL.
TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
- OPERATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEM( OSS)
IN AN ORGANISATION, DATA INPUT IS DONE BY THE USER WHICH IS PROCESSED TO GENERATE INFORMATION PRODUCTS (REPORTS) WHICH ARE UTILISED BY INTERNAL & EXTERNAL USERS. SUCH A SYSTEM IS CALLED OSS.
THE PURPOSE OF OSS IS TO FACILITATE BUSSINESS TRANSACTION, CONTROL PRODUCTION, SUPPORT INTERNAL & EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION & UPDATE ORGANISATION CENTRAL DATABASE.
IT IS FURTHER DIVIDED INTO :
a )TPS ( TRANSACTION PROCESSING UNIT)
THERE ARE SEVERAL TYPES OF TRANSACTIONS ACROSS DEPARTMENTS LIKE SALES, ACCOUNT, FINANCE, PLANT ENGINEERING, HR & MARKETING DEPARTMENTS ACROSS WITH FOLLOWING TRANSACTIONS LIKE SALES ORDER,SALES RETURN, CASH RECEPIENT, CREDIT SALES, CREDIT SLIPS, MATERIAL ACCOUNTING, INVENTORY MANAGEMENT, DEPRECIATION ACCOUNTING ETC.
B )PCS ( PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM)
HERE, DECISSION ARE MADE BY COMPUTER WITHOUT ANY MANUAL INTERVENTION. IN THIS CRITICAL INFORMATION IS FED TO THE SYSTEM IN AREAL TIME BASIS. THEREBY ENABLING PROCESS CONTROL.
- C) ECS( ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION SYSTEM)
A SYSTEM WHICH ENABLES COLLABORATIVE EFFORT BY IMPROVING COMMUNICATION & SHARING OF DATA IS REFFERED TO AS AN ENTERPRISE COLLABORATIVE SYSTEM.
2) MSS (MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEM)
A SYSTEM WHICH FACILITATE AN EFFICIENT DECISSION MAKING PROCESS FOR MANAGERS IS CALLED MSS
NEED OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
WE NEED INFORMATION SYSTEM BECAUSE:
- TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY
- BOOST PRODUCTIVITY
- SUPPORT DATA INTENSIVE OPERATIONS
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
IT IS THE FRAMEWORK OF POLICIES, PROCESSES & PROCEDURES USED BY ORGANISATION TO ENSURE THAT IT CAN FULFILL ALL THE TASKS REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE ITS OBJECTIVES.ORGANISATION CANNOT WORK EFFICIENTLY & EFFECTIVELY WITHOUT MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION SYSTEM. SO THERE IS NEED OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS).
MIS (MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM)
MIS IS A SOFTWARE WHICH PROVIDES A HOLISTIC REPORT OF PROCESSED INFORMATION BASED ON WHICH MANAGEMENT CAN TAKE CERTAIN CRUCIAL DECISSION ON WHICH STRATEGY & ACTION CAN BE TAKEN.
MIS PROVIDES INFORMATION THAT IS NEEDED TO MANAGE ORGANISATIONS EFFICIENTLY & EFFECTIVELY.
TYPES OF MIS
- MIS ( MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM)
IT PROVIDES REPORTS BASED ON DATA EXTRACTED & SUMMARISED FROM THE FIRMS UNDERLYING TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM TO MIDDLE & OPERATIONAL LEVEL MANAGERS TO IDENTIFY & INFORM STRUCTURED & SEMISTRUCTURED DECISSION PROBLEM.
- DSS ( DESSION SUPPORT SYSTEM)
IT IS A COMPUTER PROGRAM APPLICATION WHICH IS USED BY MIDDLE MANAGEMENT TO COMPILE INFORMATION FROM WIDE RANGE OF SOURCES TO SUPPORT PROBLEM SOLVING & DECISSION MAKING.
- EIS ( EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM)
IT IS A REPORTING TOOL TO TOP LEVEL MANGEMENT WHICH PROVIDES QUICK ACESSS TO SUMMARISED REPORTS COMING FROM ALL COMPANY LEVELS & DEPARTMENTS SUCH AS ACCOUNTING, HR, & OPERATIONS. THIS HELPS TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT IN DECISSION TAKING & EXECUTING IT.
- MIS (MARKETING INFORMATION SYSTEM)
IT IS DESIGNED SPECIFICALLY FOR MANAGING MARKETING ASPECTS OF BUSSINESS.
5)OAS (OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEM )
IT SUPPORTS COMMUNICATION & PRODUCTIVITY IN THE ENTERPRISE BY AUTOMATING WORK FLOW & ELIMINATING THE BOTTLENECKS. OAS MAY BE IMPLEMENTED AT ALL LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
NEED & IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
MIS IS PROGRAMMED IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT PRODUCES ON OPERATIONS. IN SUCH A WAY COMPANIES ARE ABLE TO HIGHLIGHT THEIR STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES DUE TO PRESENCE OF REVENUE REPORTS, EMPLOYEE’S PERFORMANCE RECORD ETC. THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE ASPECTS CAN HELP THE COMPANY IMPROVE THEIR PROCESSES & OPERATIONS.
- IT HELPS IN GIVING AN OVERALL PICTURE OF THE COMPANY & ACTS AS A COMMUNICATION & PLANNING TOOL.
- THE AVAILABILITY OF THE CUSTOMER DATA & FEEDBACK CAN HELP THE COMPANY TO ALIGN THEIR BUSSINESS PROCESSES TO THE NEEDS OF THE CUSTOMERS. THE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF CUSTOMER DATA CAN HELP THE COMPANY TO PERFORM DIRECT MARKETING & PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES.
- IT EMPHASIZES ON THE SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK THAT SHOULD BE USED FOR ORGANIZING INFORMATION SYSTEM APPLICATIONS.
- MIS PLAYS IMPORTANT ROLE IN INFORMATION GENERATION , COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS & HELPS IN PROCESS OF DECISSION MAKING. THEREFORE IT PLAYS VITAL ROLE IN MANAGEMENT , ADMINISTRATION & OPERATIONS OF ORGANISATION.
IN NUTSHELL MIS IN ORGANISATION CAN BE COMPARED WITH HEART OF THE BODY. INFORMATION IS JUST LIKE FLOWING BLOOD & MIS IS THE HEART OF THE BODY. LIKE IN THE BODY THE HEART PLAYS THE ROLE OF SUPPLYING PURE BLOOD TO ALL ELEMENTS OF THE BODY INCLUDING THE BRAIN , IN THE SIMILAR WAY MIS PROVIDES INFORMATION TO THE DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF THE ORGANISATION. LIKE HEART FULFILLS THE NEED OF BLOOD SUPPLY TO HUMAN BODY IN NORMAL & IN CRISES .IN THE SIMILAR WAY MIS FULFILLS THE DEMANDS OF THE ORGANISATION IN ALL SITUATION.
CONCLUSION
INFORMATION SYSTEM & MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CANNOT WORK EFFICENTLY AS INDEPENDENT . IN MANAGEMENT PLANNING , ORGANIZING, CONTROLLING ETC WE REQUIRE INFORMATION. USE OF INFORMATION CANNOT EXECUTED WELL WHEN ITS NOT MANAGED PROPERLY. SO THERE IS NEED OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TOGETHER TO FORM A SYSTEM KNOWN AS MIS ( MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM)